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Fish Farms or Footholds? China, South Korea and an OSINT Success Story
Fish Farms or Footholds? China, South Korea and an OSINT Success Story
After South Korea confronted China with suspicions about its Yellow Sea aquaculture operations--culminating in a tense maritime standoff--SeaLight broke the story open with newly published images of the "steel structures" roiling tensions in Northeast Asia.
APR 17, 2025
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Gray Zone Tactics Playbook: Optical Weapons
Updated post: Optical weapons are non-lethal weapons used to cause temporary blindness or confuse personnel. They include lasers (dazzlers) and stroboscopic lights.
APR 7, 2025
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Gray Zone Tactics Playbook: Sonic Weapons
China's increasing use of sonic weapons as a gray zone tactic against its rivals includes sirens, sonar and long-range acoustic devices.
MAR 16, 2025
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Beijing's Quiet Aggression at Sea
China's campaign of quiet aggression has already achieved many of its expansionist maritime objectives. Its neighbors and the world have started to notice, but checking Beijing's ambitions will take more than our attention.
MAR 11, 2025

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What is SeaLight?

SeaLight is committed to lighting up the maritime gray zone so that bullies and criminals can no longer hide in the darkness while they harass law-abiding fisherfolk; destroy the marine environment and fish stocks; prevent legitimate exploration and survey activities; and violate international law and other countries' sovereign rights.
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Latest Resources

South China Sea-related materials, maps, media, databases, and more. Collected and curated in our searchable research library.
China Global South Podcast: South China Sea
Published APR 19, 2025
Ray Powell, director of the Sealight initiative at Stanford University's Gordian Knott Center for National Security Innovation and host of the "Why Should We Care About the Indo-Pacific Podcast," joins Eric and CGSP Southeast Asia Editor Edwin Shri Bimo to discuss why the national security team in Washington remains appears to be more committed to the Philippines than other alliance partners.
South China Sea: Escalating tensions between China and the Philippines | 101 East Documentary
Published APR 5, 2025
Al Jazeera documentary on the tensions between the Philippines and China over the South China Sea.
ASPI: Pressure Points
Published MAR 26, 2025
Pressure Points by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute analyzes the Chinese military's use of air and maritime coercion to enforce Beijing's excessive territorial claims and advance China's security and defense interests in the Indo-Pacific.
Submarine Cable Map
Published MAR 25, 2025
The Submarine Cable Map is a free and regularly updated resource from TeleGeography.
Taiwan Security Monitor
Published MAR 25, 2025
Taiwan Security Monitor (TSM) is a student-driven research initiative dedicated to informing and improving the public discourse on cross-Strait security issues. Focused on the intersection of open-source research, geospatial data, and policy analysis, TSM provides timely and valuable insights into the evolving cross-Strait security landscape. TSM’s lines of effort includes tracking major military movements, maintaining a comprehensive repository of resources related to cross-Strait security, analyzing visual imagery, and compiling historical data on foreign military sales to Taiwan. By leveraging open-source intelligence (OSINT) tools and techniques, TSM’s team of student researchers monitor key developments and present clear, data-driven insights for policymakers, journalists, researchers, and the public. TSM is directed by Dr. Michael Hunzeker, an associate professor at George Mason University’s Schar School of Government and Policy.
Indian Diplomacy: China’s Gray Zone Warfare
Published MAR 6, 2025
Discussion on the motives and methods that guide China’s Non-War Military Operations (NWMOs) against a range of adversaries, and how targeted countries can better detect and deter Chinese salami slicing and incremental territorial expansionism. Hosted by Dr. Sreeram Chaulia and featuring expert analysis by Ray Powell, Founder and Director of SeaLight, a research project of Stanford University, USA.
Why Should We Care About China's Gray-Zone Warfare?
Published MAR 6, 2025
RAND’s senior behavioral scientist Todd Helmus joins Jim Carouso and Ray Powell to explain how #China exploits the maritime “gray zone” to pursue its aggressive and expansionist policies without triggering open conflict.
Behind the Curtain: An Update on Hainan's Maritime Militia
Published DEC 29, 2024
December 2024 update of AMTI's list of maritime militia ships in the South China Sea.
Understanding and Countering China's Maritime Gray Zone Operations
Published DEC 12, 2024
The authors identify approaches for the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command and other elements of the U.S. military to counter and deter Chinese maritime gray zone operations.
Why Should We Care About the South China Sea's New Flashpoint?
Published SEP 16, 2024
Ray Powell and Jim Carouso discuss the recent tense and sometimes violent maritime confrontations between China and the Philippines with Southeast Asia expert Greg Poling, author of "On Dangerous Ground: America's Century in the South China Sea". They consider what these developments mean for America's long-standing alliance commitment to the Philippines, which Greg asserts is finally being treated like a "real ally" on equivalent footing with more developed countries like Japan.
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In The News

Our finds on the latest articles and information from outside of the SeaLight team.
China Responds as Territorial Dispute With US Ally Goes Public
Published APR 22, 2025
Beijing has pushed back at South Korean concerns over a massive steel structure in the Yellow Sea that has raised alarm bells in Seoul
China Plays South China Sea-Style “Salami Slicing” Tricks In The Yellow Sea; What’s Cooking In Indo-Pacific?
Published APR 19, 2025
After aggressive posturing in the South China Sea, China is upping the ante in the Yellow Sea, following the building of a gigantic steel rig.
China’s New Deep-Sea Cutting Tool Exposes Vulnerability of Undersea Cables
Published APR 17, 2025
China, in developing deep-water cable-cutting technology, may be sending a message of intent.
Manila says Google’s ‘West Philippine Sea’ label shows global support for its stance
Published APR 17, 2025
A senator says the move by Google Maps proves the correctness of Manila’s policy to defend its sovereignty over the West Philippine Sea
To China, Hegseth’s Philippines Trip Was an Escalation
Published APR 12, 2025
Beijing views deepening Philippines-U.S. military cooperation as a direct security challenge, not only in the South China Sea but also in the Taiwan Strait.
Chinese vessel in near collision with Philippine Coast Guard ship
Published APR 7, 2025
A Chinese coast guard vessel blocked a Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) patrol ship near Panatag (Scarborough) Shoal on Sunday (April 6), causing a near collision, in the latest flare-up of tensions over the disputed waters.
Chinese ship conducting research off Batanes: PCG
Published APR 7, 2025
A Chinese research vessel has entered the country’s exclusive economic zone and is now conducting marine scientific research off Batanes, the Philippine Coast Guard said yesterday.
Philippines alarmed over China arrest of alleged Filipino spies
Published APR 5, 2025
The Philippines expressed alarm on Saturday over the arrest of three Filipinos in China on suspicion of espionage, saying they were ordinary citizens and the arrests could be retaliation for Manila's crackdown against alleged Chinese spies.
US Ally Intercepts Chinese Ship Near Coast—Video
Published APR 3, 2025
The Philippines kept close watch this week on a Chinese fisheries research vessel transiting through its archipelagic waters on an indirect route to the Indian Ocean.
PCG confirms presence of Chinese research vessel in Palawan
Published APR 2, 2025
The Philippine Coast Guard on Wednesday confirmed the presence of a Chinese research vessel inside the country’s archipelagic waters, prompting them to deploy an aircraft to challenge it.
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JUL 12, 2023
SeaLight is live! Let's light up the maritime gray zone.
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