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Gray Zone Tactics Playbook: Cartographic Expansionism
Gray Zone Tactics Playbook: Cartographic Expansionism
Cartographic expansionism describes the gray zone tactic in which an aggressor nation manipulates maps to mark out, advance and expand its vast territorial and maritime claims.
MAY 1, 2024
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Iroquois Reef: Theft by Soft Occupation
Satellite images show how China is slowly stealing Iroquois Reef from the Philippines.
APR 30, 2024
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Why Should We Care About the U.S.-Japan-Philippines Trilateral Summit?
SeaLight Director Ray Powell and his co-host, former senior U.S. diplomat Jim Carouso discuss his week's upcoming U.S.-Japan-Philippines trilateral leaders summit with expert guests Chris Johnstone and Dindo Manhit.
APR 8, 2024
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Infographic: Chinese Provocations in the South China Sea
A quick-reference guide to South China Sea hotspots.
APR 8, 2024

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What is SeaLight?

SeaLight is committed to lighting up the maritime gray zone so that bullies and criminals can no longer hide in the darkness while they harass law-abiding fisherfolk; destroy the marine environment and fish stocks; prevent legitimate exploration and survey activities; and violate international law and other countries' sovereign rights.
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Latest Resources

South China Sea-related materials, maps, media, databases, and more. Collected and curated in our searchable research library.
YouTube Channel: Why Should We Care About the Indo-Pacific?
Published APR 21, 2024
Join hosts Ray Powell and Jim Carouso as they delve into the crucial issues defining the 21st century's pivotal region--one that spans from Hollywood to Bollywood. Learn to navigate its most important geopolitical, economic, military, environmental and cultural challenges, with a practical emphasis on why it matters. Hosted by seasoned diplomatic and national security practitioners, each episode offers insightful analysis and thought-provoking discussions. From bustling cities like Beijing, Mumbai and Tokyo, through the diverse countries of Southeast Asia, down to the Australian Outback and the pristine islands of the South Pacific, expert guests help Jim and Ray explore the region's defining issues, emergent crises and future trajectories. Discover the interplay of the U.S.-China strategic competition against the interests of rapidly emerging powers like India and Indonesia. Explore the complexities of regional alliances old and new like ASEAN, AUKUS and "the Quad". Understand the forces driving hotspots like the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan Strait, South China Sea and the China-India border ... and most importantly, why we should care.
Nearly A Decade after the Philippines' Legal Victory, Beijing continues to Militarize Islands in the South China Sea
Published APR 13, 2024
Infographic of China's artificial islands in the South China Sea overlaid with the Philippines' rights under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Why Should We Care About the Indo-Pacific? (Podcast)
Published APR 4, 2024
Join hosts Ray Powell and Jim Carouso as they delve into the crucial issues defining the 21st century's pivotal region--one that spans from Hollywood to Bollywood. Learn to navigate its most important geopolitical, economic, military, environmental and cultural challenges, with a practical emphasis on why it matters. Hosted by seasoned diplomatic and national security practitioners, each episode offers insightful analysis and thought-provoking discussions. From bustling cities like Beijing, Mumbai and Tokyo, through the diverse countries of Southeast Asia, down to the Australian Outback and the pristine islands of the South Pacific, expert guests help Jim and Ray explore the region's defining issues, emergent crises and future trajectories. Discover the interplay of the U.S.-China strategic competition against the interests of rapidly emerging powers like India and Indonesia. Explore the complexities of regional alliances old and new like ASEAN, AUKUS and "the Quad". Understand the forces driving hotspots like the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan Strait, South China Sea and the China-India border ... and most importantly, why we should care.
China, the U.S. and the West Philippine Sea Disputes: A Conversation
Published MAR 30, 2024
Philippine vlogger and journalist Richard Heydarian talks to SeaLight Director Ray Powell about ongoing tensions in the West Philippine Sea.
Countering Coercion
Published MAR 30, 2024
Managing Chinese Gray Zone Activity in the South China Sea and Indian Ocean Region
An Exclusive Interview with Ray Powell (South China Sea Newswire)
Published MAR 19, 2024
Ray Powell is the Director of SeaLight, a maritime transparency initiative of the Gordian Knot Center for National Security Innovation at Stanford University, and a member of the South China Sea NewsWire Advisory Board. This interview was conducted on March 12, 2024.
Responses Against China's Coercion in the Indo-Pacific
Published MAR 17, 2024
How does a government respond to a threat or coercion by a larger and better-resourced military? That is a question faced by countries across the Indo-Pacific when it comes to actions conducted by the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Taiwan and the Philippines have experienced similar, yet unique, forms of PRC coercion that have resulted in both capitals developing analogous responses that fall within an analytical spectrum. This report focuses on how these two Indo-Pacific countries responded to actions conducted by the military apparatus of the PRC since 2022.
SeaLight Director interview, ABS-CBN News (Manila)
Published MAR 3, 2024
Headstart: Karen Davila talks to Maritime Security Expert Ray Powell for his insights on the latest incident of 'dangerous maneuvers' by China in the West Philippine Sea.
Assertive Transparency in the Gray Zone with Ray Powell - Sea Control podcast
Published FEB 9, 2024
Ray Powell joins the program to discuss his recent work “Game Changer: The Philippines’ Assertive Transparency Campaign: How the Philippines Rewrote the Counter Gray Zone Playbook in 2023.”
Tracking Tensions at Second Thomas Shoal
Published FEB 1, 2024
Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative report tracking the dramatic increase in PRC and Philippine ships during resupply missions at Second Thomas Shoal over time.
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In The News

Our finds on the latest articles and information from outside of the SeaLight team.
China sending huge force in Scarborough ahead of civilian mission — expert
Published MAY 13, 2024
A West Philippine Sea monitor on Monday said China is sending a “huge force” in Scarborough (Panatag) Shoal ahead of the civilian convoy there, but organizers remain undeterred by what they branded as Beijing’s “intimidation.”
Philippines deploys ships to disputed South China Sea amid reports China building ‘artificial island’
Published MAY 13, 2024
The Philippines on Saturday deployed ships to a disputed area in the South China Sea, where it accused the People’s Republic of China (PRC) of building an “artificial island” amid the two Asian countries’s ongoing conflict over the territory, the office of President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. said in a statement.
Malaysia’s appetite for oil and gas puts it on collision course with China
Published MAY 13, 2024
As reserves closer to shore run dry, Malaysia is venturing farther into disputed waters of the South China Sea claimed and patrolled by China.
U.S. Destroyer Makes ‘Innocent Passage’ Past Chinese-controlled Island Chain in the South China Sea
Published MAY 13, 2024
A U.S. guided-missile destroyer sailed through the Paracel Island chain in the South China Sea on Friday as part of a Freedom of Navigation Operation, U.S. 7th Fleet announced on Friday. USS Halsey (DDG-97) tested Beijing’s restrictions on sailing past the Chinese-controlled islands that run counter to the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention.
Philippines to beef up defenses against South China Sea threats
Published MAY 8, 2024
The clear and present maritime threat from China in the South China Sea is compelling the Philippines to step up its newly-announced defense strategy and modernization of its arsenal.
Philippines first, India later, as U.S. prioritizes 'Squad' allies
Published MAY 8, 2024
An emerging quadrilateral group, between the U.S., Japan, Australia and the Philippines, has become the core of Washington's foreign security policy in the Indo-Pacific, quickly overtaking the Quad in priority, analysts say.
Analysts disagree over risk of confrontation in WPS
Published MAY 7, 2024
The possibility that China will abandon hope of peacefully reuniting with Taiwan is still "more dangerous" to regional and global peace than the continued escalation of tensions in the South China Sea, the head of a US-based maritime transparency project said Monday.
Navy helicopter near miss in latest Chinese confrontation
Published MAY 7, 2024
The Albanese government has lodged a protest after a Chinese fighter jet dropped flares near a navy helicopter, forcing it to take evasive action in Beijing’s latest confrontation with Australian military personnel.
Eye on China, India deploys three warships to South China Sea
Published MAY 8, 2024
With three of its warships now reaching Singapore, India is all set to conduct naval exercises with `friendly’ countries in the contentious South China Sea, where a belligerent Beijing is locked in territorial disputes with its neighbours.
China's territorial claims illegal, deceptive: U.S. Indo-Pacific chief
Published MAY 4, 2024
China's intrusive and expansionist claims in the Indo-Pacific are "illegal, coercive, aggressive and deceptive," the new commander of the Indo-Pacific Command said Friday at a change of command ceremony in Hawaii.
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JUL 12, 2023
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